Design Elements of a Swimming Pool

By Connor Levesque | 08/27/24

Inground swimming pools are a popular addition to homes, providing a place to relax, exercise, or host gatherings. Designing and building a pool requires careful planning to ensure it’s safe, functional, and visually appealing.

In this post, we’ll cover the key elements of swimming pool design and what it takes to create a standout pool. From materials to unique features, every detail matters. Let’s start with one of the basics—Pool Shape.

Pool Shape

Choosing the right pool shape is essential. Popular options include:

Rectangular: A classic choice, ideal for lap swimming or larger outdoor spaces.
Freeform: Natural curves create a lagoon-like feel, perfect for organic backyard designs.
L-shaped: Great for smaller yards, offering flexibility with shallow and deep ends.
Circular/Oval: Eye-catching shapes that make a strong backyard focal point.

Rectangular pools are practical and commonly offered in standard packages. While unique shapes add style, careful planning is key to ensuring the pool fits well in your yard.

Tip: Poorly planned shapes can waste space, disrupt landscaping, and turn your dream pool into a missed opportunity.

Pool Depth

Pool depth is another crucial element of design. Safety comes first, so make sure the pool meets local diving envelope requirements and regulations. Keep in mind, deeper pools cost more due to extra digging and materials.

3.5′ – 6′: A standard depth range, ideal for families with kids or for relaxing. These often include steps or beach-style entries.
Deep Pools: 6 to 9 feet deep, perfect for diving or water sports.
Multi-Level Pools: Combine different depth zones for play and relaxation. For example, a shallow lounging area at 3.5 feet with a deeper section for diving. Some designs include retaining walls or spillways to separate zones, popular in resort-style pools.

Note: Many cities have strict safety rules for pool depths and may limit diving boards and slides, making deeper pools less common.

Underlying Pool Structure

The structure of your pool matters—it affects its look, lifespan, and maintenance. A well-built pool can provide years of enjoyment, boost your property value, and make life more fun. Here’s a quick overview of the most common pool structures and their pros and cons:

unite: A mix of cement, sand, and water sprayed onto a steel-reinforced frame. It’s strong, durable, and works for almost any shape or size, ideal for creative or luxury pool designs. Downsides? It takes longer to build and needs more maintenance.
Vinyl: Flexible liners fitted over a hole lined with panels (aluminum, steel, or plastic). Vinyl pools are budget-friendly upfront but require liner replacements every 5–9 years and are prone to tears. They’re versatile in shape and depth.
Fiberglass: Pre-made in factories, these pools are delivered and installed in pre-dug holes. Fiberglass is low-maintenance with a smooth, non-porous surface that’s easy to clean and needs fewer chemicals. However, they offer limited customization options but have a quick installation process.

No matter the type, proper installation and regular maintenance are key to avoiding cracks, leaks, or shifting over time.

Pool Finishing Materials

If you choose a gunite pool, you’ll need a finish to cover it. This gives the pool its color and makes it more comfortable for swimmers:

Plaster: A smooth, affordable option made from cement mixed with marble dust or silica sand. It comes in a variety of colors and, with care, can last up to 10 years.
Aggregate Finishes: Plaster mixed with small pebbles, stones, or glass beads for a textured, stylish look. These are more durable and stain-resistant than plaster. Companies like PebbleTec offer high-quality finishes and warranties.

These finishes enhance your pool’s look but require regular maintenance, like brushing and balancing chemicals. Over time, they can be resurfaced with the same or new material for a fresh look.

Tile

Tile can be used along the waterline as an accent or as the pool’s main finish. Choosing the right size and type impacts both style and durability. Common options include:

Ceramic: A classic choice with lots of colors and patterns, resistant to water and pool chemicals.
Glass: Reflective tiles that add a shimmering effect.
Stone: Natural stone tiles for a rustic, organic look.

If using tile as the main finish, smaller glass tiles (like 1″x1″) work well for curved surfaces. High-quality tiles are key to avoiding issues like loosening due to temperature changes. For waterline tiles, builders usually include basic options, with premium upgrades like stone available. Make sure your tiles match the pool’s finish and deck for a cohesive design.

Pool Decking

The area around your pool is known as the pool deck. Pool decking is more than just a place for walking or lounging—it greatly impacts your outdoor space’s style. Popular options include:

Concrete: Durable and affordable, concrete can be shaped, stamped, or stained to mimic pricier materials.
Pavers: Decorative with a variety of colors, patterns, and textures. Pavers are easy to replace if damaged, making them low-maintenance.
Stone: For a natural, upscale look, stones like travertine, limestone, or slate are great choices. They also allow for detailed patterns to elevate your pool’s aesthetic.
Composite materials: These synthetic options mimic wood or stone but are easier to maintain and often slip-resistant.

Cabo Shelfs

Cabo shelves are a stylish addition to gunite pools. These shallow areas allow lounging just under the water’s surface, blending comfort with design. Built during the steel and gunite phases, they’re seamlessly integrated into the pool structure.

Perfect for sunbathing, relaxing, or reading, Cabo shelves offer the perfect mix of style and comfort.

Spa

Adding a spa or hot tub to your custom pool can elevate your setup, especially if you want to enjoy it year-round. Spas come in shapes like square, circular, or diamond, and can connect to the pool with a spillway or stand alone.

In-ground spas feature jets and lighting, all controlled through the pool’s system. They require a heating element, such as electric, gas, or a heat pump, though this will raise energy costs.

Spas offer hydrotherapy benefits, enhance your pool area, and create a luxurious place to relax.

Spillways

Looking for a unique pool feature? Add a spillway! This design lets water flow smoothly between levels or bodies of water, adding elegance and movement. The soothing sound and visuals create a relaxing, stylish atmosphere.

Spillways are often used to connect spas to pools but can work in other areas too. Popular materials include bronze and stainless steel for their durability and sleek look. High-quality materials are key, as cheaper ones can rust or oxidize, ruining your pool’s appearance.

Infinity Edges

For a high-end, dramatic look, consider an infinity edge pool. Also known as a vanishing or negative edge, this design creates the illusion of water spilling endlessly over the edge. It’s perfect for properties with stunning views, like oceanfront homes or scenic landscapes.

Infinity edges work by recirculating water over one or more edges, creating a constant, dramatic flow. While they cost more to build and maintain, they deliver an unmatched “wow” factor and add luxury to your outdoor space.

Waterfall

The sound of a waterfall instantly turns your pool into a tranquil oasis. It adds movement, visual interest, and a relaxing vibe to your backyard.

Natural rock waterfalls blend seamlessly with landscaping for an earthy feel, while sleek sheer descents offer a modern, minimalist style. Either option enhances your pool’s aesthetics and atmosphere, making it the perfect spot to unwind or entertain.

Deck Jets

Deck jets add a playful, interactive element to your pool. These small fountains are installed in the deck and shoot streams of water into the pool. Available in various styles, they can be synchronized with lighting for extra visual impact and work as a fun game for kids or adults.

Swimming Pool Bubbler

Pool bubblers are a fun, unique way to enhance your pool. Built into the pool floor, they send streams of water upwards for a soothing, relaxing effect. When paired with lighting, they create a mesmerizing display—great for nighttime swims.

Swimming Pool Lights

Pool lights are essential for any pool, spa, or water feature like bubblers. Most are LED lighting that can be controlled via automation systems or your phone. Easily adjust timing, colors, and brightness to create the perfect vibe for evening swims.

Don’t forget about ambient lighting around the pool. Deck and path lights not only improve safety but also create a welcoming atmosphere. These can connect to the same automation system for easy control.

Swimming Pool Equipment

Want to elevate your pool experience? Add-ons like UV cleaning systems, pool covers, and mineral systems can make a big difference. The equipment you’ll need depends on your pool’s size, location, and design, so consult a professional to find the best options. Regular maintenance and upgrades are key to keeping your pool clean, efficient, and long-lasting.

Main pool system components include:

Filter: Removes dirt and debris.
Pump: Circulates water throughout the pool.
Heater: Keeps water at a comfortable temperature.
Cleaner: Keeps surfaces free of dirt and algae.
Lights: For nighttime use.
Controller: Manages all equipment in one place.

Ledge Loungers

For ultimate relaxation, add ledge loungers. These shallow spots let you lounge partially in the water while soaking up the sun. Perfect for kids and adults, they bring a touch of luxury to your pool setup.

Fire Bowls

Fire bowls are like mini fire pits that enhance your pool area. Install them on retaining walls, waterfalls, or columns. Powered by propane or natural gas and controlled remotely, they add warm ambiance with a decorative flair. Filled with heat-safe rocks, fire bowls create a cozy, year-round vibe.

Landscaping

When planning your outdoor space, remember that landscaping is just as important as the pool. The right mix of plants and greenery can elevate your pool area and make it look stunning. Here’s what to consider when landscaping around a pool:

Plants: Pick non-toxic, low-maintenance plants that can handle chlorine and other pool chemicals, like palm trees, hibiscus, and agave.
Flowers: Add color with flowers that thrive in heat and humidity, such as lantana or bougainvillea.
Trees: Trees provide shade and add height to your space. Great options include magnolias and jacarandas.
Hardscaping: Use rocks, boulders, or pavers for texture and a natural look.

Thoughtful landscaping doesn’t just make your pool look better—it also boosts privacy and creates a cozy, secluded feel. For the best results, work with a professional landscaper who can recommend options based on your location and style.

Color Pallette

When choosing colors for your pool design, the options are endless. Whether you prefer bold, bright tones or soft neutrals, your color palette sets the mood for the space. Think about how everything ties together, including landscaping, furniture, and natural lighting.

To achieve a cohesive look, coordinate your pool finish, tile, decking, lighting, and landscaping. A designer can help you explore options and ensure your colors work perfectly together.

Understand What Goes into the Design of a Swimming Pool. Now What?

From peaceful water features to sleek modern details, there are countless ways to create a pool that suits you. By incorporating these top design ideas, you can turn your backyard into your own private getaway.

Whether you’re dreaming of a relaxing retreat or a lively hangout, there are endless possibilities to create the perfect backyard pool. With thoughtful planning and the right features, you can build an outdoor paradise for years to come. Why wait? Start planning your dream pool today!